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Enums,
eventTarget,
metaData,
imageLoadPoolManager,
triggerEvent,
ImageVolume,
cache,
imageLoader,
utilities as csUtils,
ProgressiveRetrieveImages,
canRenderFloatTextures,
} from '@cornerstonejs/core';
import type {
Types,
IImagesLoader,
ImageLoadListener,
} from '@cornerstonejs/core';
import { scaleArray, autoLoad } from './helpers';
const requestTypeDefault = Enums.RequestType.Prefetch;
const {
ProgressiveIterator,
imageRetrieveMetadataProvider,
hasFloatScalingParameters,
} = csUtils;
const { ImageQualityStatus } = Enums;
/**
* Streaming Image Volume Class that extends ImageVolume base class.
* It implements load method to load the imageIds and insert them into the volume.
*
*/
export default class BaseStreamingImageVolume
extends ImageVolume
implements IImagesLoader
{
private framesLoaded = 0;
private framesProcessed = 0;
private framesUpdated = 0;
protected autoRenderOnLoad = true;
protected cachedFrames = [];
protected reRenderTarget = 0;
protected reRenderFraction = 2;
loadStatus: {
loaded: boolean;
loading: boolean;
cancelled: boolean;
callbacks: Array<(...args: unknown[]) => void>;
};
imagesLoader: IImagesLoader = this;
constructor(
imageVolumeProperties: Types.ImageVolumeProps,
streamingProperties: Types.IStreamingVolumeProperties
) {
super(imageVolumeProperties);
this.loadStatus = streamingProperties.loadStatus;
}
protected invalidateVolume(immediate: boolean): void {
const { imageData, vtkOpenGLTexture } = this;
const { numFrames } = this;
for (let i = 0; i < numFrames; i++) {
vtkOpenGLTexture.setUpdatedFrame(i);
}
imageData.modified();
if (immediate) {
autoLoad(this.volumeId);
}
}
/**
* It cancels loading the images of the volume. It sets the loading status to false
* and filters any imageLoad request in the requestPoolManager that has the same
* volumeId
*/
public cancelLoading = (): void => {
const { loadStatus } = this;
if (!loadStatus || !loadStatus.loading) {
return;
}
// Set to not loading.
loadStatus.loading = false;
loadStatus.cancelled = true;
// Remove all the callback listeners
this.clearLoadCallbacks();
// Create a filter function which only keeps requests
// which do not match this volume's Id
const filterFunction = ({ additionalDetails }) => {
return additionalDetails.volumeId !== this.volumeId;
};
// Instruct the request pool manager to filter queued
// requests to ensure requests we no longer need are
// no longer sent.
imageLoadPoolManager.filterRequests(filterFunction);
};
/**
* Clear the load callbacks
*/
public clearLoadCallbacks(): void {
this.loadStatus.callbacks = [];
}
protected callLoadStatusCallback(evt) {
const { framesUpdated, framesProcessed, totalNumFrames } = evt;
const { volumeId, reRenderFraction, loadStatus, metadata } = this;
const { FrameOfReferenceUID } = metadata;
// TODO: probably don't want this here
Eif (this.autoRenderOnLoad) {
if (
framesUpdated > this.reRenderTarget ||
framesProcessed === totalNumFrames
) {
this.reRenderTarget += reRenderFraction;
autoLoad(volumeId);
}
}
if (framesProcessed === totalNumFrames) {
loadStatus.callbacks.forEach((callback) => callback(evt));
const eventDetail = {
FrameOfReferenceUID,
volumeId: volumeId,
};
triggerEvent(
eventTarget,
Enums.Events.IMAGE_VOLUME_LOADING_COMPLETED,
eventDetail
);
}
}
protected updateTextureAndTriggerEvents(
imageIdIndex,
imageId,
imageQualityStatus = ImageQualityStatus.FULL_RESOLUTION
) {
const frameIndex = this.imageIdIndexToFrameIndex(imageIdIndex);
const { cachedFrames, numFrames, totalNumFrames } = this;
const { FrameOfReferenceUID } = this.metadata;
const currentStatus = cachedFrames[frameIndex];
if (currentStatus > imageQualityStatus) {
// This is common for initial versus decimated images.
return;
}
if (cachedFrames[frameIndex] === ImageQualityStatus.FULL_RESOLUTION) {
// Sometimes the frame can be delivered multiple times, so just return
// here if that happens
return;
}
const complete = imageQualityStatus === ImageQualityStatus.FULL_RESOLUTION;
cachedFrames[imageIdIndex] = imageQualityStatus;
this.framesUpdated++;
if (complete) {
this.framesLoaded++;
this.framesProcessed++;
}
this.vtkOpenGLTexture.setUpdatedFrame(frameIndex);
this.imageData.modified();
const eventDetail: Types.EventTypes.ImageVolumeModifiedEventDetail = {
FrameOfReferenceUID,
imageVolume: this,
numberOfFrames: numFrames,
framesProcessed: this.framesProcessed,
};
triggerEvent(eventTarget, Enums.Events.IMAGE_VOLUME_MODIFIED, eventDetail);
if (complete && this.framesProcessed === this.totalNumFrames) {
this.loadStatus.loaded = true;
this.loadStatus.loading = false;
}
this.callLoadStatusCallback({
success: true,
imageIdIndex,
imageId,
framesLoaded: this.framesLoaded,
framesProcessed: this.framesProcessed,
framesUpdated: this.framesUpdated,
numFrames,
totalNumFrames,
complete,
imageQualityStatus,
});
if (this.loadStatus.loaded) {
this.loadStatus.callbacks = [];
}
}
public successCallback(imageId: string, image) {
const imageIdIndex = this.getImageIdIndex(imageId);
const options = this.getLoaderImageOptions(imageId);
const scalarData = this.getScalarDataByImageIdIndex(imageIdIndex);
handleArrayBufferLoad(scalarData, image, options);
const { scalingParameters } = image.preScale || {};
const { imageQualityStatus } = image;
const frameIndex = this.imageIdIndexToFrameIndex(imageIdIndex);
// Check if there is a cached image for the same imageURI (different
// data loader scheme)
const cachedImage = cache.getCachedImageBasedOnImageURI(imageId);
// Check if the image was already loaded by another volume and we are here
// since we got the imageLoadObject from the cache from the other already loaded
// volume
const cachedVolume = cache.getVolumeContainingImageId(imageId);
// check if the load was cancelled while we were waiting for the image
// if so we don't want to do anything
Eif (this.loadStatus.cancelled) {
console.warn(
'volume load cancelled, returning for imageIdIndex: ',
imageIdIndex
);
return;
}
// if it is not a cached image or volume
if (!cachedImage && !(cachedVolume && cachedVolume.volume !== this)) {
return this.updateTextureAndTriggerEvents(
imageIdIndex,
imageId,
imageQualityStatus
);
}
// it is either cachedImage or cachedVolume
const isFromImageCache = !!cachedImage;
if (isFromImageCache && options.targetBuffer) {
// put it in the imageCacheOffsetMap, since we are going to use it
// for cache optimization later
this.imageCacheOffsetMap.set(imageId, {
imageIdIndex,
frameIndex,
offset: options.targetBuffer?.offset || 0,
length: options.targetBuffer?.length,
});
}
const cachedImageOrVolume = cachedImage || cachedVolume.volume;
this.handleImageComingFromCache(
cachedImageOrVolume,
isFromImageCache,
scalingParameters,
scalarData,
frameIndex,
scalarData.buffer,
imageIdIndex,
imageId
);
}
public errorCallback(imageId, permanent, error) {
Iif (!permanent) {
return;
}
const { totalNumFrames, numFrames } = this;
const imageIdIndex = this.getImageIdIndex(imageId);
this.framesProcessed++;
if (this.framesProcessed === totalNumFrames) {
this.loadStatus.loaded = true;
this.loadStatus.loading = false;
}
this.callLoadStatusCallback({
success: false,
imageId,
imageIdIndex,
error,
framesLoaded: this.framesLoaded,
framesProcessed: this.framesProcessed,
framesUpdated: this.framesUpdated,
numFrames,
totalNumFrames,
});
if (this.loadStatus.loaded) {
this.loadStatus.callbacks = [];
}
const eventDetail = {
error,
imageIdIndex,
imageId,
};
triggerEvent(eventTarget, Enums.Events.IMAGE_LOAD_ERROR, eventDetail);
}
/**
* It triggers a prefetch for images in the volume.
* @param callback - A callback function to be called when the volume is fully loaded
* @param priority - The priority for loading the volume images, lower number is higher priority
* @returns
*/
public load = (callback: (...args: unknown[]) => void): void => {
const { imageIds, loadStatus, numFrames } = this;
const { transferSyntaxUID } =
metaData.get('transferSyntax', imageIds[0]) || {};
const imageRetrieveConfiguration = metaData.get(
imageRetrieveMetadataProvider.IMAGE_RETRIEVE_CONFIGURATION,
this.volumeId,
transferSyntaxUID,
'volume'
);
this.imagesLoader = imageRetrieveConfiguration
? (
imageRetrieveConfiguration.create ||
ProgressiveRetrieveImages.createProgressive
)(imageRetrieveConfiguration)
: this;
Iif (loadStatus.loading === true) {
return; // Already loading, will get callbacks from main load.
}
const { loaded } = this.loadStatus;
const totalNumFrames = imageIds.length;
Iif (loaded) {
if (callback) {
callback({
success: true,
framesLoaded: totalNumFrames,
framesProcessed: totalNumFrames,
numFrames,
totalNumFrames,
});
}
return;
}
if (callback) {
this.loadStatus.callbacks.push(callback);
}
this._prefetchImageIds();
};
public getLoaderImageOptions(imageId: string) {
const { transferSyntaxUID: transferSyntaxUID } =
metaData.get('transferSyntax', imageId) || {};
const imagePlaneModule = metaData.get('imagePlaneModule', imageId) || {};
const { rows, columns } = imagePlaneModule;
const imageIdIndex = this.getImageIdIndex(imageId);
const scalarData = this.getScalarDataByImageIdIndex(imageIdIndex);
if (!scalarData) {
return null;
}
const arrayBuffer = scalarData.buffer;
// Length of one frame in voxels: length
// Length of one frame in bytes: lengthInBytes
const { type, length, lengthInBytes } = getScalarDataType(
scalarData,
this.numFrames
);
const modalityLutModule = metaData.get('modalityLutModule', imageId) || {};
const generalSeriesModule =
metaData.get('generalSeriesModule', imageId) || {};
const scalingParameters: Types.ScalingParameters = {
rescaleSlope: modalityLutModule.rescaleSlope,
rescaleIntercept: modalityLutModule.rescaleIntercept,
modality: generalSeriesModule.modality,
};
Iif (scalingParameters.modality === 'PT') {
const suvFactor = metaData.get('scalingModule', imageId);
if (suvFactor) {
this._addScalingToVolume(suvFactor);
scalingParameters.suvbw = suvFactor.suvbw;
}
}
const isSlopeAndInterceptNumbers =
typeof scalingParameters.rescaleSlope === 'number' &&
typeof scalingParameters.rescaleIntercept === 'number';
const floatAfterScale = hasFloatScalingParameters(scalingParameters);
const allowFloatRendering = canRenderFloatTextures();
/**
* So this is has limitation right now, but we need to somehow indicate
* whether the volume has been scaled with the scaling parameters or not.
* However, each slice can have different scaling parameters but it is rare
* that rescale slope and intercept be unknown for one slice and known for
* another. So we can just check the first slice and assume that the rest
* of the slices have the same scaling parameters. Basically it is important
* that these two are numbers and that means the volume has been scaled (
* we do that automatically in the loader). For the suvbw, we need to
* somehow indicate whether the PT image has been corrected with suvbw or
* not, which we store it in the this.scaling.PT.suvbw.
*/
this.isPreScaled = isSlopeAndInterceptNumbers;
// in case where the hardware/os does not support float rendering but the
// requested scaling params are not integers, we need to disable pre-scaling
Iif (!allowFloatRendering && floatAfterScale) {
this.isPreScaled = false;
}
const frameIndex = this.imageIdIndexToFrameIndex(imageIdIndex);
return {
// WADO Image Loader
targetBuffer: {
// keeping this in the options means a large empty volume array buffer
// will be transferred to the worker. This is undesirable for streaming
// volume without shared array buffer because the target is now an empty
// 300-500MB volume array buffer. Instead the volume should be progressively
// set in the main thread.
arrayBuffer:
arrayBuffer instanceof ArrayBuffer ? undefined : arrayBuffer,
offset: frameIndex * lengthInBytes,
length,
type,
rows,
columns,
},
skipCreateImage: true,
allowFloatRendering,
preScale: {
enabled: this.isPreScaled,
// we need to pass in the scalingParameters here, since the streaming
// volume loader doesn't go through the createImage phase in the loader,
// and therefore doesn't have the scalingParameters
scalingParameters,
},
transferPixelData: true,
transferSyntaxUID,
// The loader is used to load the image into the cache
loader: imageLoader.loadImage,
additionalDetails: {
imageId,
imageIdIndex,
volumeId: this.volumeId,
},
};
}
// Use loadImage because we are skipping the Cornerstone Image cache
// when we load directly into the Volume cache
callLoadImage(imageId, imageIdIndex, options) {
const { cachedFrames } = this;
Iif (cachedFrames[imageIdIndex] === ImageQualityStatus.FULL_RESOLUTION) {
// The request framework handles non-promise returns, so just return here
return;
}
const uncompressedIterator = ProgressiveIterator.as(
imageLoader.loadImage(imageId, options)
);
return uncompressedIterator.forEach((image) => {
// scalarData is the volume container we are progressively loading into
// image is the pixelData decoded from workers in cornerstoneDICOMImageLoader
this.successCallback(imageId, image);
}, this.errorCallback.bind(this, imageIdIndex, imageId));
}
protected getImageIdsRequests(imageIds: string[], priorityDefault: number) {
// SharedArrayBuffer
this.totalNumFrames = this.imageIds.length;
const autoRenderPercentage = 2;
Eif (this.autoRenderOnLoad) {
this.reRenderFraction =
this.totalNumFrames * (autoRenderPercentage / 100);
this.reRenderTarget = this.reRenderFraction;
}
// 4D datasets load one time point at a time and the frameIndex is
// the position of the imageId in the current time point while the
// imageIdIndex is its absolute position in the array that contains
// all other imageIds. In a 4D dataset the frameIndex can also be
// calculated as `imageIdIndex % numFrames` where numFrames is the
// number of frames per time point. The frameIndex and imageIdIndex
// will be the same when working with 3D datasets.
const requests = imageIds.map((imageId) => {
const imageIdIndex = this.getImageIdIndex(imageId);
const requestType = requestTypeDefault;
const priority = priorityDefault;
const options = this.getLoaderImageOptions(imageId);
return {
callLoadImage: this.callLoadImage.bind(this),
imageId,
imageIdIndex,
options,
priority,
requestType,
additionalDetails: {
volumeId: this.volumeId,
},
};
});
return requests;
}
private handleImageComingFromCache(
cachedImageOrVolume,
isFromImageCache: boolean,
scalingParameters,
scalarData: Types.PixelDataTypedArray,
frameIndex: number,
arrayBuffer: ArrayBufferLike,
imageIdIndex: number,
imageId: string
) {
const imageLoadObject = isFromImageCache
? cachedImageOrVolume.imageLoadObject
: cachedImageOrVolume.convertToCornerstoneImage(imageId, imageIdIndex);
imageLoadObject.promise
.then((cachedImage) => {
const imageScalarData = this._scaleIfNecessary(
cachedImage,
scalingParameters
);
// todo add scaling and slope
const { pixelsPerImage, bytesPerImage } = this.cornerstoneImageMetaData;
const TypedArray = scalarData.constructor;
let byteOffset = bytesPerImage * frameIndex;
// create a view on the volume arraybuffer
const bytePerPixel = bytesPerImage / pixelsPerImage;
if (scalarData.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT !== bytePerPixel) {
byteOffset *= scalarData.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT / bytePerPixel;
}
// @ts-ignore
const volumeBufferView = new TypedArray(
arrayBuffer,
byteOffset,
pixelsPerImage
);
volumeBufferView.set(imageScalarData);
this.updateTextureAndTriggerEvents(
imageIdIndex,
imageId,
cachedImage.imageQualityStatus
);
})
.catch((err) => {
this.errorCallback(imageId, true, err);
});
}
/**
* It returns the imageLoad requests for the streaming image volume instance.
* It involves getting all the imageIds of the volume and creating a success callback
* which would update the texture (when the image has loaded) and the failure callback.
* Note that this method does not executes the requests but only returns the requests.
* It can be used for sorting requests outside of the volume loader itself
* e.g. loading a single slice of CT, followed by a single slice of PET (interleaved), before
* moving to the next slice.
*
* @returns Array of requests including imageId of the request, its imageIdIndex,
* options (targetBuffer and scaling parameters), and additionalDetails (volumeId)
*/
public getImageLoadRequests(_priority: number): any[] {
throw new Error('Abstract method');
}
public getImageIdsToLoad(): string[] {
throw new Error('Abstract method');
}
/**
* Retrieves images using the older getImageLoadRequests method
* to setup all the requests. Ensures compatibility with the custom image
* loaders.
*/
public loadImages(imageIds: string[], listener: ImageLoadListener) {
this.loadStatus.loading = true;
const requests = this.getImageLoadRequests(5);
requests.reverse().forEach((request) => {
Iif (!request) {
// there is a cached image for the imageId and no requests will fire
return;
}
const {
callLoadImage,
imageId,
imageIdIndex,
options,
priority,
requestType,
additionalDetails,
} = request;
imageLoadPoolManager.addRequest(
callLoadImage.bind(this, imageId, imageIdIndex, options),
requestType,
additionalDetails,
priority
);
});
return Promise.resolve(true);
}
private _prefetchImageIds() {
// Note: here is the correct location to set the loading flag
// since getImageIdsRequest is just grabbing and building requests
// and not actually executing them
this.loadStatus.loading = true;
const imageIds = [...this.getImageIdsToLoad()];
imageIds.reverse();
this.totalNumFrames = this.imageIds.length;
const autoRenderPercentage = 2;
Eif (this.autoRenderOnLoad) {
this.reRenderFraction =
this.totalNumFrames * (autoRenderPercentage / 100);
this.reRenderTarget = this.reRenderFraction;
}
return this.imagesLoader.loadImages(imageIds, this).catch((e) => {
console.debug('progressive loading failed to complete', e);
});
}
/**
* This function decides whether or not to scale the image based on the
* scalingParameters. If the image is already scaled, we should take that
* into account when scaling the image again, so if the rescaleSlope and/or
* rescaleIntercept are different from the ones that were used to scale the
* image, we should scale the image again according to the new parameters.
*/
private _scaleIfNecessary(
image,
scalingParametersToUse: Types.ScalingParameters
) {
if (!image.preScale?.enabled) {
return image.getPixelData().slice(0);
}
const imageIsAlreadyScaled = image.preScale?.scaled;
const noScalingParametersToUse =
!scalingParametersToUse ||
!scalingParametersToUse.rescaleIntercept ||
!scalingParametersToUse.rescaleSlope;
if (!imageIsAlreadyScaled && noScalingParametersToUse) {
// no need to scale the image
return image.getPixelData().slice(0);
}
if (
!imageIsAlreadyScaled &&
scalingParametersToUse &&
scalingParametersToUse.rescaleIntercept !== undefined &&
scalingParametersToUse.rescaleSlope !== undefined
) {
// if not already scaled, just scale the image.
// copy so that it doesn't get modified
const pixelDataCopy = image.getPixelData().slice(0);
const scaledArray = scaleArray(pixelDataCopy, scalingParametersToUse);
return scaledArray;
}
// if the image is already scaled,
const {
rescaleSlope: rescaleSlopeToUse,
rescaleIntercept: rescaleInterceptToUse,
suvbw: suvbwToUse,
} = scalingParametersToUse;
const {
rescaleSlope: rescaleSlopeUsed,
rescaleIntercept: rescaleInterceptUsed,
suvbw: suvbwUsed,
} = image.preScale.scalingParameters;
const rescaleSlopeIsSame = rescaleSlopeToUse === rescaleSlopeUsed;
const rescaleInterceptIsSame =
rescaleInterceptToUse === rescaleInterceptUsed;
const suvbwIsSame = suvbwToUse === suvbwUsed;
if (rescaleSlopeIsSame && rescaleInterceptIsSame && suvbwIsSame) {
// if the scaling parameters are the same, we don't need to scale the image again
return image.getPixelData();
}
const pixelDataCopy = image.getPixelData().slice(0);
// the general formula for scaling is scaledPixelValue = suvbw * (pixelValue * rescaleSlope) + rescaleIntercept
const newSuvbw = suvbwToUse / suvbwUsed;
const newRescaleSlope = rescaleSlopeToUse / rescaleSlopeUsed;
const newRescaleIntercept =
rescaleInterceptToUse - rescaleInterceptUsed * newRescaleSlope;
const newScalingParameters = {
...scalingParametersToUse,
rescaleSlope: newRescaleSlope,
rescaleIntercept: newRescaleIntercept,
suvbw: newSuvbw,
};
const scaledArray = scaleArray(pixelDataCopy, newScalingParameters);
return scaledArray;
}
private _addScalingToVolume(suvFactor) {
// Todo: handle case where suvFactors are not the same for all frames
if (this.scaling) {
return;
}
const { suvbw, suvlbm, suvbsa } = suvFactor;
const petScaling = <Types.PTScaling>{};
if (suvlbm) {
petScaling.suvbwToSuvlbm = suvlbm / suvbw;
}
if (suvbsa) {
petScaling.suvbwToSuvbsa = suvbsa / suvbw;
}
if (suvbw) {
petScaling.suvbw = suvbw;
}
this.scaling = { PT: petScaling };
}
}
function getScalarDataType(scalarData, numFrames) {
let type, byteSize;
if (scalarData instanceof Uint8Array) {
type = 'Uint8Array';
byteSize = 1;
} else Eif (scalarData instanceof Float32Array) {
type = 'Float32Array';
byteSize = 4;
} else if (scalarData instanceof Uint16Array) {
type = 'Uint16Array';
byteSize = 2;
} else if (scalarData instanceof Int16Array) {
type = 'Int16Array';
byteSize = 2;
} else {
throw new Error('Unsupported array type');
}
const length = scalarData.length / numFrames;
const lengthInBytes = length * byteSize;
return { type, byteSize, length, lengthInBytes };
}
/**
* Sets the scalar data at the appropriate offset to the
* byte data from the image.
*/
function handleArrayBufferLoad(scalarData, image, options) {
Iif (!(scalarData.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer)) {
return;
}
const offset = options.targetBuffer.offset; // in bytes
const length = options.targetBuffer.length; // in frames
const pixelData = image.pixelData ? image.pixelData : image.getPixelData();
try {
Iif (scalarData instanceof Float32Array) {
const bytesInFloat = 4;
const floatView = new Float32Array(pixelData);
if (floatView.length !== length) {
throw 'Error pixelData length does not match frame length';
}
// since set is based on the underlying type,
// we need to divide the offset bytes by the byte type
scalarData.set(floatView, offset / bytesInFloat);
}
Iif (scalarData instanceof Int16Array) {
const bytesInInt16 = 2;
const intView = new Int16Array(pixelData);
if (intView.length !== length) {
throw 'Error pixelData length does not match frame length';
}
scalarData.set(intView, offset / bytesInInt16);
}
Iif (scalarData instanceof Uint16Array) {
const bytesInUint16 = 2;
const intView = new Uint16Array(pixelData);
if (intView.length !== length) {
throw 'Error pixelData length does not match frame length';
}
scalarData.set(intView, offset / bytesInUint16);
}
Eif (scalarData instanceof Uint8Array) {
const bytesInUint8 = 1;
const intView = new Uint8Array(pixelData);
Iif (intView.length !== length) {
throw 'Error pixelData length does not match frame length';
}
scalarData.set(intView, offset / bytesInUint8);
}
} catch (e) {
console.error(e);
}
}
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