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import type { Point2, Point3 } from '../../../types';
import type { IndexSpaceSlab, VolumeGeometry } from '../indexSpaceSlab';
import getVoxelThicknessAlongNormal from '../getVoxelThicknessAlongNormal';
import { projectPointOntoPlane } from '../slabMembership';
import type { PlaneBasis, VoxelSlabShape } from './shapeGeometry';
import {
createColumnLineResolver,
createPlaneBasis,
SHAPE_BOUNDARY_EPSILON,
solveQuadraticLeqZero,
toIntegerRun,
} from './shapeGeometry';
/**
* The squared-radius threshold, expanded so a voxel centre lying exactly on the
* outline is inside it. See SHAPE_BOUNDARY_EPSILON.
*/
const UNIT_BOUNDARY = 1 + SHAPE_BOUNDARY_EPSILON;
export interface EllipseShapeOptions {
/**
* The volume being measured. Pass an `IImageVolume`, or any object that has
* `direction`, `spacing`, `origin` and `dimensions`. The structural form
* lets a caller that holds no cached volume, such as a test, use this code.
*/
volume: VolumeGeometry;
/** The annotation plane anchor. Defines the plane's depth. */
planePoint: Point3;
/** The annotation view plane normal. Unit length. */
viewPlaneNormal: Point3;
/**
* The ellipse centre in world coordinates. For the planar form it is
* projected onto the annotation plane, so a centre carrying a little depth
* error is harmless.
*/
centerWorld: Point3;
/**
* Direction of the major axis. Need not be unit length, and need not already
* lie in the plane - its component along the normal is removed.
*/
majorAxis: Point3;
/** Semi-axis along `majorAxis`, in mm. */
majorRadius: number;
/** Semi-axis perpendicular to `majorAxis` within the plane, in mm. */
minorRadius: number;
/**
* Semi-axis along the normal, in mm. Omit for a flat ellipse lying in the
* plane; supply it for a triaxial ellipsoid - an "egg" reaching out of the
* plane on both sides.
*/
depthRadius?: number;
}
/**
* An ellipse lying in the annotation plane, or an ellipsoid centred on it.
*
* A third radius promotes the flat ellipse to a solid. `createRectangleShape`
* takes the same options, so the two are interchangeable. The depth radius is
* widened by half a voxel; the in-plane radii are not.
*
* See `docs/docs/concepts/cornerstone-tools/annotation/voxel-statistics.md`.
*/
export function createEllipseShape(
options: EllipseShapeOptions
): VoxelSlabShape {
const {
volume,
planePoint,
viewPlaneNormal: normal,
majorAxis,
majorRadius,
minorRadius,
depthRadius,
} = options;
Iif (!(majorRadius > 0) || !(minorRadius > 0)) {
throw new Error('Ellipse radii must be positive');
}
Iif (depthRadius !== undefined && !(depthRadius > 0)) {
throw new Error('Ellipse depthRadius must be positive when supplied');
}
const basis: PlaneBasis = createPlaneBasis(normal, majorAxis);
const isSolid = depthRadius !== undefined;
const voxelThickness = getVoxelThicknessAlongNormal(volume, basis.n);
const depthSemiAxis = isSolid
? (depthRadius as number) + voxelThickness / 2
: 0;
// A flat ellipse is tested on the projected point, so its centre only
// matters within the plane.
const center = isSolid
? ([...options.centerWorld] as Point3)
: projectPointOntoPlane(options.centerWorld, planePoint, basis.n);
// Each entry scales a world offset into the unit sphere's space.
const scaledAxes: { axis: Point3; inverseRadius: number }[] = [
{ axis: basis.u, inverseRadius: 1 / majorRadius },
{ axis: basis.v, inverseRadius: 1 / minorRadius },
];
if (isSolid) {
scaledAxes.push({ axis: basis.n, inverseRadius: 1 / depthSemiAxis });
}
const resolveColumnLine = createColumnLineResolver(volume, basis.n);
function containsPoint(point: Point3): boolean {
const tested = isSolid
? point
: projectPointOntoPlane(point, planePoint, basis.n);
let total = 0;
for (const { axis, inverseRadius } of scaledAxes) {
const offset =
(tested[0] - center[0]) * axis[0] +
(tested[1] - center[1]) * axis[1] +
(tested[2] - center[2]) * axis[2];
const scaled = offset * inverseRadius;
total += scaled * scaled;
}
return total <= UNIT_BOUNDARY;
}
function* getRuns(
outerIndex: number,
rowIndex: number,
_depthRun: Point2,
slab: IndexSpaceSlab
): Generator<Point2, void, undefined> {
const line = resolveColumnLine(slab, outerIndex, rowIndex);
const lineBase = isSolid ? line.base : line.projectedBase;
const lineStep = isSolid ? line.step : line.projectedStep;
// |scale(base + col * step - center)|^2 <= 1 expands to a quadratic in col.
let a = 0;
let b = 0;
let c = -UNIT_BOUNDARY;
for (const { axis, inverseRadius } of scaledAxes) {
const offset =
((lineBase[0] - center[0]) * axis[0] +
(lineBase[1] - center[1]) * axis[1] +
(lineBase[2] - center[2]) * axis[2]) *
inverseRadius;
const slope =
(lineStep[0] * axis[0] +
lineStep[1] * axis[1] +
lineStep[2] * axis[2]) *
inverseRadius;
a += slope * slope;
b += 2 * offset * slope;
c += offset * offset;
}
const run = toIntegerRun(solveQuadraticLeqZero(a, b, c));
if (run) {
yield run;
}
}
return {
containsPoint,
getRuns,
getRequiredThickness: () => (isSolid ? depthSemiAxis * 2 : 0),
};
}
/**
* A circle in the annotation plane, or a sphere centred on it.
*
* A convenience wrapper: a circle is an ellipse with equal radii, and any
* in-plane direction will do for the major axis.
*/
export function createCircleShape(options: {
volume: VolumeGeometry;
planePoint: Point3;
viewPlaneNormal: Point3;
centerWorld: Point3;
radius: number;
/** Supply to make it a sphere rather than a flat disc. */
depthRadius?: number;
}): VoxelSlabShape {
const { viewPlaneNormal: normal } = options;
// Any vector not parallel to the normal gives a valid in-plane direction.
const candidate: Point3 = Math.abs(normal[0]) < 0.9 ? [1, 0, 0] : [0, 1, 0];
const majorAxis = vec3.cross(
vec3.create(),
normal as vec3,
candidate as vec3
) as Point3;
return createEllipseShape({
volume: options.volume,
planePoint: options.planePoint,
viewPlaneNormal: normal,
centerWorld: options.centerWorld,
majorAxis,
majorRadius: options.radius,
minorRadius: options.radius,
depthRadius: options.depthRadius,
});
}
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